What type of literature uses exaggerated characters primarily to teach a lesson?

Fables are a specific genre of literature that utilizes exaggerated characters, often in the form of animals with human traits, to convey moral lessons. This storytelling mechanism allows for the illustration of ethical principles or life lessons in a way that is engaging and accessible, particularly for children. The simplicity and clarity of fables make them effective tools for teaching values, such as honesty, kindness, and prudence, through relatable scenarios and memorable characters.

While fantasy often includes imaginative elements and extraordinary circumstances, its primary focus isn't necessarily on imparting specific moral lessons. Science fiction, though it may contain moral dilemmas and futuristic themes, typically deals with speculative concepts and technology rather than direct moral teachings. Biographies, focusing on real-life accounts of individuals, aim to provide insight into lives rather than convey lessons in the exaggerated fashion characteristic of fables. Thus, fables stand out as the genre that specifically employs exaggerated characters for teaching purposes.