What does the Exosystem entail in Bronfenbrenner's theory?

The Exosystem in Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory refers to the broader social systems that do not directly include the individual but still have a significant impact on their development. This includes factors such as a parent's workplace, community resources, or local educational policies that influence the individual’s immediate environment and experiences without being directly involved in their everyday interactions.

These external influences can shape the conditions under which an individual lives and learns, thereby affecting their emotional well-being, access to opportunities, and overall development. For example, if a parent experiences stress at work due to a lack of job security, this can affect their interactions with their child, even though the child does not directly interact with the workplace. Understanding the Exosystem emphasizes the importance of recognizing how factors outside of a child's immediate surroundings play a vital role in their growth and experiences.